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Marine Park is a neighborhood located in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, that lies between Mill Basin and Gerritsen Beach. The neighborhood is mostly squared off in area by Gerritsen Avenue, Flatbush Avenue, Avenue U and Kings Highway. It partly surrounds the eponymous park. The neighborhood is largely made up of ethnic groups such as Italian, Irish, Greek, and Jewish. The area is part of Brooklyn Community Board 18. As of 2007, Marine Park had a population of 86,253.The neighborhood is situated around Gerritsen Inlet, the westernmost inlet of Jamaica Bay. During the last 5,000 years strips of sand were deposited by ocean currents. These beach strips form a surf-barrier and allow salt marshes to "...grow in the calm water on their protected bay side...""...Gerritsen
Creek was a freshwater stream that once extended about twice as far
inland as it does today. Around 1920 the creek north of Avenue U was
converted into an underground storm drain. Yet it continues to supply
the salt marsh with fresh water, which helps the marsh support a wide
range of organisms. ..." [Native Americans
living in the nearby Keshawchqueten village favored the creek for
hunting and fishing. Food preparation pits dating from, 800 to 1400 A.D.
were revealed by archaeological excavations in Marine Park. The pits
contained deer and turtle bones, oyster shells, and sturgeon scales. The
area was originally a Dutch settlement which had the first tide mill in North America.
Dutch settlers found the salt marshes and coastal plain-land of
southern Brooklyn similar to Holland's landscape. Their food comprised
farm-produced livestock, game, and harvests of oysters and clams, which
were easily obtainable in this natural setting. Years passed, and city
plans were elaborated to make a port out of Jamaica Bay. A Real estate boom was anticipated, and land was bought by private owners.
- "...Fearing that the relatively pristine marshland around
Gerritsen Creek would be destroyed, Frederick B. Pratt and Alfred T.
White offered the city 150 acres (0.6 km2) in the area for
use as a park in 1917. After a seven-year delay the City accepted the
offer. The prospect of a new park inspired developers to erect new homes
in the area and, in the year 1926, form the organization, Marine Park
Civic Association, although park improvements were slow to follow. Fill
deposited in the marshlands in the 1930s and now land purchases
increased the park's area to 1,822 acres (7 km2) by 1937. That year the Board of Aldermen named the site Brooklyn Marine Park..."
In 1939, over 789 acres (3.2 km2) of land were donated to New York City, and Marine Park (the park itself) was created. Many of the houses in the neighborhood were also built around the same time. These houses are referred as Marine Park Neighborhood. A couple of additional land transactions took place. For example, 1,024 acres (4 km2) of park were transferred to the National Park Service, and now it is Saltmarsh Nature Center.
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